Investigation of the Effectiveness and Safety of the Rehabilitation Program for Patients with Long Covid Using Aquatic Training

Abstract

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of aquatic training in diluted sodium chloride bromine brine in restoring the functionalstate of the organism of patients with portcovid syndrome in comparison with aquatic training in fresh water.Material and methods. Specialists of the National Medical Research Centre of Rehabilitation and Balneology of the Ministry of Healthof Russia conducted an open, prospective, randomized study to evaluate the effect of a course of aquatic training in a bromine sodiumchloride brine pool. The study included 28 subjects, who were divided into 2 equal groups. Patients in both groups were comparablefor gender (χ2 =0.45; p=0.31) and age (U=99.5; p=0.7) and all had post COVID-19 (U 09.9) as their primary diagnosis. The interventiongroup received a course of aquatic training (7 treatments) in a pool with bromine sodium chloride brine (well No. 69, 32 Novy ArbatStreet, Moscow) with mineralization of 120 g/dm3 and its preliminary dilution to 40 g/m3. Control group – a course of aquatic-exercises(7 treatments) in a fresh water pool. Patients, after signing informed consent, underwent load tests: 6-minute walking test, laser Dopplerflowmetry (“LASMA ST”, Russia), cardiointervalography (“Health Reserves-R”, Russia).Results and discussion. These data confirm the “null” hypothesis of a more favorable effect of the chemical composition of the dilutedbrine that acts during aquatic training on the patient’s body compared to fresh water, especially in the presence of microcirculationdisorders after suffering COVID-19.The group of patients who received aquatic training in the pool with bromine sodium chloride brine revealed a significant decrease inexcessive sympathetic nervous system activity (T-11.0; p=0.02) at the end of the study. According to LAZMA-ST data, there was a twofoldincrease in the oxidative metabolism of the cell (IOM T-16.0; p 0.05). These data confirm the “null” hypothesis of a more favorable effectof the chemical composition of the diluted brine that acts during aquatic training on the patient’s body compared to fresh water,especially in the presence of microcirculation disorders after suffering COVID-19.Conclusion. Aquatic training in sodium chloride bromide brine effectively reduces the sympathetic nervous system activity, increasesoxidative metabolism and improves microcirculation compared to aquatic training in fresh water.

Keywords

• sodium chloride mineral waters
• long covid
• aquatic training
• new coronavirus infection
• rehabilitation
• microcirculation
• cardiointervalography