INFLUENCE OF AVAILABLE MOISTURE ON THE STRUCTURAL INDICATORS AND YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT AND SPRING BARLEY DEPENDING ON THE METHODS OF MAIN SOIL TREATMENT UNDER ADAPTIVE PLANTS GROWTH SYSTEMS OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN SEA REGION

Abstract

The article presents research materials obtained in the Northern Caspian conditions, which allowed to enrich the studied problem with new knowledge and to prove that the maximum supply of spring moisture was accumulated in variants of chisel processing with the working bodies of the “Rancho” with loosening up to 0.35 m and plowing with a PN-4-35 plow to a depth of 0.20-0.22 m, which averaged over the years of the experiments was 48.3 and 47.7 mm, respectively. The minimum stock of productive moisture was accumulated in the variant of surface tillage and amounted to 44.6 mm. By the end of the summer, these differences became almost equal. Thus, in the variant of chisel processing with the working bodies of the “Rancho” with loosening up to 0.35 m in August, on average, 39.2 mm remained for the research years, and in the variant of the surface tillage with a BDT-3 to a depth of 0.10-0.12 m – 31.8 mm. In the variant of chisel processing with the working bodies of the “Rancho” with loosening up to 0.35 m, all individual indicators of winter wheat and spring barley were the greatest. Also, in this variant of tillage, the maximum yield was obtained both for winter wheat and spring barley, and on average for the research years it was 1.82 and 1.41 t/ha, respectively. In the variant of surface tillage with BDT-3 to a depth of 0.10-0.12 m, it was minimal and amounted to 1.29 and 0.76 t/ha, respectively.

Keywords

• adaptive farming systems
• methods of basic tillage
• biometric indicators
• yield
• winter wheat
• spring barley