Research progress of neonatal low-threshold platelet transfusion strategy

Abstract

Neonatal thrombocytopenia is one of the common hematological abnormalities in neonates, especially premature infants. Platelet transfusion is an effective method of treating neonatal thrombocytopenia, but its threshold selection and timing are controversial. Recent findings support the use of a lower platelet transfusion threshold (25×109/L) in neonates and highlight the potential harm that may arise from liberal blood transfusion strategy. In current clinical practice, the volume of neonatal platelet transfusion greatly exceeds that routinely used in adults, but there are significant functional differences between neonatal and adult platelets, and platelets may mediate several immune and inflammatory responses in multiple ways. In this paper, based on the recent developments of evidence-based medical evidence of neonatal platelet transfusion, we summarized the pathophysiological basis of neonatal restrictive blood transfusion strategy, platelet transfusion with different ABO blood types, and the pathogenesis and potential mechanism of adverse events related to platelet transfusion.

Keywords

• newborn
• platelet transfusion
• threshold
• thrombocytopenia