Correlations between growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) serum levels and gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Qiumei Liu,
Lidong Qin,
Yujian Liang,
Min Xu,
Junling Zhang,
Xiaoting Mo,
Xu Tang,
Yufu Lu,
Xuexiu Wang,
Jiejing Cao,
Chuwu Huang,
Jiahui Rong,
Kaisheng Teng,
Linhai Zhao,
Songju Wu,
Lei Luo,
Qinyi Guan,
TianTian Zhang,
Wenjia Jin,
Jian Qin,
Jiansheng Cai,
Zhiyong Zhang
Affiliations
Qiumei Liu
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Lidong Qin
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Yujian Liang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Min Xu
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Junling Zhang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Xiaoting Mo
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Xu Tang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Yufu Lu
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Xuexiu Wang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Jiejing Cao
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Chuwu Huang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Jiahui Rong
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Kaisheng Teng
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Linhai Zhao
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Songju Wu
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Lei Luo
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Qinyi Guan
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
TianTian Zhang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Wenjia Jin
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Jian Qin
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Highly Prevalent Diseases, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Health Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Key Laboratory of Longevity and Aging-related Diseases of Chinese Ministry of Education, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
Jiansheng Cai
Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China; Corresponding author. Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin Medical University, 109 Huan Cheng North 2nd Road, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China.
Zhiyong Zhang
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China; Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China; Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Entire Lifecycle Health and Care, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China; Corresponding author. Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
Purpose: To date, the relationship between Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF-15) gene polymorphism and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has not been clarified. Our study aims to explore the association between serum GDF-15 levels and related gene polymorphism with the risk of T2DM in a Chinese rural Yao population. Methods: This was a 1:1 case-control study with 179 T2DM patients and 179 age- and sex-matched control participants. Serum GDF-15 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and polymorphisms (rs1059519, rs1059369, rs1804826 and rs1054564) were genotyped by MassArray mass spectrometry. Results: Serum GDF-15 (sGDF-15) levels were higher in patients with T2DM and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5 % compared to that in controls (p < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) corresponding to sGDF-15 levels was 0.626. Serum GDF-15 was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (rs = 0.150, p < 0.001) and HbA1c (rs = 0.160, p < 0.001). The frequency of GDF-15 gene rs1054564 GC + CC genotype was significantly associated with increased risk of T2DM compared to GG genotype (OR = 1.724, 95CI: 1.046–2.841, p = 0.033). Frequencies of rs1804826 T allele (β additive = 113.318, p = 0.026) and rs1054564 C allele (β additive = 247.282, p = 0.001, β dominant = 286.109, p = 0.001) was significantly correlated with higher sGDF-15. The rs1059519 C allele was negatively correlated with FPG (β recessive = −0.607, p = 0.047) and HbA1c (β recessive = −0.456, p = 0.020). Conclusion: Serum GDF-15 levels were positively correlated with FPG and HbA1c. The GDF-15 rs1054564 GC + CC genotype was associated with a significantly higher T2DM risk. The rs1059519 C allele was negatively correlated with FPG and HbA1c.
