Analysis of Helkimo index for temporomandibular disorder diagnosis in the dental students of Faridabad city: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) by the use of Helkimo's index (anamnestic [Ai] and clinical dysfunction [Di] component) in the nonpatient population (dental students) of Faridabad college. Settings and Design: A questionnaire-based survey was carried out among students of dental college for signs and symptoms of TMD and also clinical examination was done. The results were scored and according to scoring severity of TMD were assessed in the specified population. Materials and Methods: About 580 students were assessed for TMD by the use of Helkimo's index (Ai and Di component). Descriptive statistical analysis was done. Results: Among the study group, 15% were found to have TMDs. Out of the affected students, 79% females and 21% males were having symptoms. Out of the signs and symptoms present, 7% students were found to have sound in temporomandibular joint followed by pain in 3% and fatigue in 2% of students. On clinical examination, limited mouth opening was found in 6% students followed by locked mandible in 1%, deviation of jaw in 0.6%, and jaw rigidity of mandible in 0.6% of individual. Conclusion: To summarize, Helkimo index is a well-founded index to assess TMD in a specified population. Signs and symptoms of TMD were present among students although low prevalence of TMD was found in the students.

Keywords

• Helkimo index
• temporomandibular disorder
• temporomandibular joint