Reflective capacity and context of reflections: qualitative study of second-year medical students’ learning diaries related to a general practice course

Abstract

Abstract Background Reflective capacity is a prerequisite for transformative learning. It is regarded as an essential skill in professional competence in the field of medicine. Our aim was to investigate the reflective capacity and the objects of action (themes) which revealed reflective writing of medical students during a general practice/family medicine course. Methods Second-year medical students were requested to write learning diaries during a compulsory course in general practice/family medicine consisting of the principles of the physician-patient relationship. The course included a group session supervised by a clinical lecturer and a 3-day training period in a local health centre. We conducted data-driven content analysis of the learning diaries. In the learning diaries, student observations were most commonly directed to events during the training period and to group sessions. Occasionally, observation was directed at inner experience. Results The following themes were related to reflective writing: feelings towards the end of life, demanding situations in practice, physician’s attitude to patient, student’s inner experiences, and physician’s well-being. The entries indicated different types of reflective capacity. Three subgroups were identified: ‘simple reporting,’ ‘reflective writing,’ and ‘advanced reflective writing.’ Conclusion Professional growth requires the development of reflective capacity, as it is essential for successful patient care and better clinical outcomes. To develop and enhance the reflective capacity of medical students during their education, the curriculum should provide frequent opportunities for students to assess and reflect upon their various learning experiences.

Keywords

• Medical education
• Empathy
• Self-reflection
• Medical curriculum
• Undergraduate