The Cryosphere (Sep 2023)
Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles database
- A. Løkkegaard,
- A. Løkkegaard,
- K. D. Mankoff,
- K. D. Mankoff,
- K. D. Mankoff,
- C. Zdanowicz,
- G. D. Clow,
- M. P. Lüthi,
- S. H. Doyle,
- H. H. Thomsen,
- D. Fisher,
- J. Harper,
- A. Aschwanden,
- B. M. Vinther,
- D. Dahl-Jensen,
- H. Zekollari,
- H. Zekollari,
- H. Zekollari,
- T. Meierbachtol,
- I. McDowell,
- N. Humphrey,
- A. Solgaard,
- N. B. Karlsson,
- S. A. Khan,
- B. Hills,
- R. Law,
- B. Hubbard,
- P. Christoffersen,
- M. Jacquemart,
- M. Jacquemart,
- J. Seguinot,
- R. S. Fausto,
- W. T. Colgan
Affiliations
- A. Løkkegaard
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
- A. Løkkegaard
- DTU Space, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- K. D. Mankoff
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
- K. D. Mankoff
- Autonomic Integra LLC, New York, NY, 10025 USA
- K. D. Mankoff
- NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, NY, 10025 USA
- C. Zdanowicz
- Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- G. D. Clow
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
- M. P. Lüthi
- Department of Geography, University of Zurich, 8052 Zurich, Switzerland
- S. H. Doyle
- Centre for Glaciology, Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, UK
- H. H. Thomsen
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
- D. Fisher
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
- J. Harper
- Department of Geosciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- A. Aschwanden
- Arctic Region Supercomputing Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
- B. M. Vinther
- Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- D. Dahl-Jensen
- Centre for Ice and Climate, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- H. Zekollari
- Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zürich, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- H. Zekollari
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- H. Zekollari
- Laboratoire de Glaciologie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- T. Meierbachtol
- Department of Geosciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
- I. McDowell
- Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
- N. Humphrey
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
- A. Solgaard
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
- N. B. Karlsson
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
- S. A. Khan
- DTU Space, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- B. Hills
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- R. Law
- Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- B. Hubbard
- Centre for Glaciology, Department of Geography and Earth Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, UK
- P. Christoffersen
- Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- M. Jacquemart
- Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zürich, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- M. Jacquemart
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- J. Seguinot
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
- R. S. Fausto
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
- W. T. Colgan
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-17-3829-2023
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 17
pp. 3829 – 3845
Abstract
Here, we present a compilation of 95 ice temperature profiles from 85 boreholes from the Greenland ice sheet and peripheral ice caps, as well as local ice caps in the Canadian Arctic. Profiles from only 31 boreholes (36 %) were previously available in open-access data repositories. The remaining 54 borehole profiles (64 %) are being made digitally available here for the first time. These newly available profiles, which are associated with pre-2010 boreholes, have been submitted by community members or digitized from published graphics and/or data tables. All 95 profiles are now made available in both absolute (meters) and normalized (0 to 1 ice thickness) depth scales and are accompanied by extensive metadata. These metadata include a transparent description of data provenance. The ice temperature profiles span 70 years, with the earliest profile being from 1950 at Camp VI, West Greenland. To highlight the value of this database in evaluating ice flow simulations, we compare the ice temperature profiles from the Greenland ice sheet with an ice flow simulation by the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). We find a cold bias in modeled near-surface ice temperatures within the ablation area, a warm bias in modeled basal ice temperatures at inland cold-bedded sites, and an apparent underestimation of deformational heating in high-strain settings. These biases provide process level insight on simulated ice temperatures.
