Sugarcane Distillery Spent Wash (DSW) as a Bio-Nutrient Supplement: A Win-Win Option for Sustainable Crop Production
Muhammad Umair Hassan,
Muhammad Aamer,
Muhammad Umer Chattha,
Tang Haiying,
Imran Khan,
Mahmoud F. Seleiman,
Adnan Rasheed,
Muhammad Nawaz,
Abdul Rehman,
Muhammad Talha Aslam,
Aniqa Afzal,
Guoqin Huang
Affiliations
Muhammad Umair Hassan
Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
Muhammad Aamer
Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
Muhammad Umer Chattha
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Tang Haiying
Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
Imran Khan
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Mahmoud F. Seleiman
Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Adnan Rasheed
Key Laboratory of Crops Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
Muhammad Nawaz
Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Pakistan
Abdul Rehman
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Muhammad Talha Aslam
Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Aniqa Afzal
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
Guoqin Huang
Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
Industrial pollution has been continuously soaring and causing serious threats to the soil, water, and air quality. The increase in industrialization has not only covered the large areas, but also created a large quantity of wastewater which is difficult to handle. The water produced from different industries is getting its place in the agriculture. However, the challenge is to properly use wastewater, so that the application of wastewater does not cause any soil and environmental problems. The distillery spent wash (DSW) is a liquid waste that is produced from the sugarcane industry. It contains a large load of both organic and inorganic substances. Also, DSW contains a sufficient amount of macronutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and Sulphur (S)) and micronutrients (zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn)), which in turn improves the growth and yield of crops. The optimized doses of DSW substantially improve soil enzymatic and microbial activities, organic carbon, nutrient uptake, soil porosity, water holding capacity, aggregate stability, and anti-oxidant activities, which in turn improve the photosynthetic efficiency, growth and yield. However, the inadequate knowledge about the DSW characteristics and methods of its agricultural application present questions concerning environmental quality for groundwater pollution. Therefore, to obtain a better understanding about the DWS, here, we discussed the effects of DSW on soil quality, crop yield, and its implications for agriculture and water quality.
