The association between the composite dietary antioxidant index and asthma in US children aged 3–18 years: a cross-sectional study from NHANES

Abstract

Abstract The association between composite dietary antioxidant index (CDAI) and asthma remains unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the association of CDAI with asthma in children aged 3–18 years in the United States. Cross-sectional analyses were carried out on 18,118 children aged 3–18 years old. Data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2003 and 2020. The Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI) was measured by assessing the consumption of six dietary antioxidants (vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, selenium and carotenoids). The association between CDAI and asthma was explored using multivariate weighted logistic regression, subgroup analyses, and sensitivity analyses. Among the 18,118 participants, 2045 (11.3%) reported a diagnosis of asthma by a healthcare provider. In both the crude and adjusted models, the odds ratios (ORs) for asthma with CDAI were not significant. Specifically, in the fully adjusted model, the OR for T2 was 0.98 (95% CI 0.83, 1.17) and the OR for T3 was 1.00 (95% CI 0.76, 1.31). Subgroup analyses by sex, age and BMI category also showed no significant associations. Sensitivity analyses, including weighted logistic multivariate analyses adjusting for family history of asthma, confirmed the absence of a significant association between CDAI and asthma. Our study showed no significant association between CDAI and asthma in children and adolescents.

Keywords

• Asthma
• Composite Dietary Antioxidant Index (CDAI)
• NHANES
• Children
• Dietary antioxidants
• Cross-sectional study