Stroitel’stvo: Nauka i Obrazovanie (Jul 2012)
Heavy envelope buildings: thermal analysis for the winter season ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАСЧЕТА ТЕПЛОВОГО РЕЖИМА ЗДАНИЯ С МАССИВНЫМИ ОГРАЖДАЮЩИМИ КОНСТРУКЦИЯМИ В ХОЛОДНЫЙ ПЕРИОД ГОДА
Abstract
The article represents a summary of the thermal analysis of a building that has a massive envelope structure with account for its operation in the winter season. The objective of the research is to identify the minimal capacity of a heating boiler to assure the economical heating of the premises of a small orthodox church that has a floor area of 100 sq. m. The thermal mode of the church building was analyzed to assure discontinuous heating by the boilers of different capacity (15, 20, 25, 30, 40, and 50kWt). As a result, the authors identified the time periods required to assure a permanent temperature of 5 degrees Celsius. The authors also analyzed winter heating costs based on the employment of boilers of aforementioned capacities. The thermal analysis took account of various maintenance conditions to identify different thermal modes. A specialized software programme was developed to analyze the thermal conditions of the church premises. The software was used to analyze the temperature of the premises, the temperature of the inside air, and the radiant temperature for different modes of operation of the building heating system. The proposed methodology was developed at Department of Heating and Ventilation of MSUCE and pilot tested with the involvement of multiple Moscow buildings. The authors completed the annual thermal analysis of the church premises to identify the thermal power consumption rate with account for different heating modes and input data. The authors' findings are as follows: the heating start-up and switch-off dates are to be reconsidered; the design temperature of the outdoor air to be integrated into the heating system analysis is to be reconsidered; special actions aimed at reduction of heating expenses in the spring period are to be taken.Рассмотрены вопросы анализа теплового режима здания с массивными ограждающими конструкциями с учетом особенностей эксплуатации в холодный период года. Решена задача определения минимально-достаточной мощности котла для создания в минимально приемлемые сроки и при минимальных затратах средств на эксплуатацию заданного температурного режима небольшого православного храма площадью около 100 м. Выявлена необходимость пересмотра начала и конца отопительного периода для зданий с массивными ограждающими конструкциями, расчетной температуры наружного воздуха для расчета мощности системы отопления, обоснована возможность проведения весной мероприятий для сокращения затрат тепла на обогрев здания.
