The close association of micronutrients with COVID-19
Aimin Zhang,
Yue Yin,
Jiashu Tian,
Xialin Wang,
Zhihong Yue,
Lin Pei,
Li Liu,
Li Qin,
Mei Jia,
Hui Wang,
Qingwei Ma,
Wei-bo Gao,
Lin-Lin Cao
Affiliations
Aimin Zhang
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
Yue Yin
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
Jiashu Tian
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
Xialin Wang
Beckman Coulter Commercial Enterprise Co. Ltd., No.518 Fuquan North Road, Shanghai, China
Zhihong Yue
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
Lin Pei
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
Li Liu
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, No. 12 Jiefang Middle Road, Jilin, China
Li Qin
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
Mei Jia
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
Hui Wang
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China
Qingwei Ma
Bioyong Technologies Inc., Dewei Science Park, No.12 Kechuang 13th Street, Beijing, China
Wei-bo Gao
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China; Corresponding author. Department of Emergency, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China.
Lin-Lin Cao
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China; Corresponding author. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, China.
Objectives: The present study was conducted to explore the performance of micronutrients in the prediction and prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This is an observational case-control study. 149 normal controls (NCs) and 214 COVID-19 patients were included in this study. Fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, and inorganic elements were detected by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. A logistic regression model based on six micronutrients were constructed using DxAI platform. Results: Many micronutrients were dysregulated in COVID-19 compared to normal control (NC). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), calcium (Ca) and vitamin B6 (pyridoxic acid, PA) were significantly independent risk factors for COVID-19. The logistic regression model consisted of 25(OH)D3, Mg, Cu, Ca, vitamin B5 (VB5) and PA was developed, and displayed a strong discriminative capability to differentiate COVID-19 patients from NC individuals [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) = 0.901]. In addition, the model had great predictive ability in discriminating mild/normal COVID-19 patients from NC individuals (AUROC = 0.883). Conclusions: Our study showed that micronutrients were associated with COVID-19, and our logistic regression model based on six micronutrients has potential in clinical management of COVID-19, and will be useful for prediction of COVID-19 and screening of high-risk population.
