Effect of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose concentrations on morphological, mechanical and physical properties of biodegradable films based on agro-waste sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) starch

R.A. Ilyas; S.M. Sapuan; Rushdan Ibrahim; Hairul Abral; M.R. Ishak; E.S. Zainudin; M.S.N. Atikah; N. Mohd Nurazzi; A. Atiqah; M.N.M. Ansari; Edi Syafri; Mochamad Asrofi; Nasmi Herlina Sari; R. Jumaidin

Journal of Materials Research and Technology (Sep 2019)

Effect of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose concentrations on morphological, mechanical and physical properties of biodegradable films based on agro-waste sugar palm (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb.) Merr) starch

R.A. Ilyas,
S.M. Sapuan,
Rushdan Ibrahim,
Hairul Abral,
M.R. Ishak,
E.S. Zainudin,
M.S.N. Atikah,
N. Mohd Nurazzi,
A. Atiqah,
M.N.M. Ansari,
Edi Syafri,
Mochamad Asrofi,
Nasmi Herlina Sari,
R. Jumaidin

Affiliations

R.A. Ilyas: Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Corresponding authors.
S.M. Sapuan: Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Corresponding authors.
Rushdan Ibrahim: Pulp and Paper Branch, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, 52109 Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia
Hairul Abral: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Andalas University, 25163 Padang, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
M.R. Ishak: Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
E.S. Zainudin: Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
M.S.N. Atikah: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
N. Mohd Nurazzi: Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
A. Atiqah: Institute of Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
M.N.M. Ansari: Institute of Power Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Edi Syafri: Department of Agricultural Technology, Politeknik Pertanian, Payakumbuh, Indonesia
Mochamad Asrofi: Laboratory of Material Testing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Jember, Kampus Tegalboto, Jember 68121, East Java, Indonesia
Nasmi Herlina Sari: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mataram University, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
R. Jumaidin: Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 8, no. 5
pp. 4819 – 4830

Abstract

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Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata) fibres and starches are considered as agro-industrial residue in the agricultural industry. This paper aims to investigate the effect of different concentrations (0–1.0 wt%) of sugar palm nanofibrillated cellulose (SPNFCs) reinforced sugar palm starch (SPS) on morphological, mechanical and physical properties of the bionanocomposites film. The SPNFCs, having a diameter of 5.5 ± 0.99 nm and length of several micrometres, were prepared from sugar palm fibres via a high-pressure homogenisation process. FESEM investigation of casting solution displayed good miscibility between SPS and SPNFCs. The FTIR analysis revealed good compatibility between the SPS and SPNFCs, and there were existence of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between them. The SPS/sPNFCs with 1.0 wt% had undergone an increment in both the tensile strength and Young’s modulus when compared with the SPS film, from 4.80 MPa to 10.68 MPa and 53.97 MPa to 121.26 MPa, respectively. The enhancement in water barrier resistance was led by reinforcing SPNFCs into the matrix, which resulted in bionanocomposites. The properties of bionanocomposites will be enhanced for short-life applications, such as recyclable container and plastic packaging through the incorporation of SPNFCs within the SPS bionanocomposites. Keywords: Sugar palm starch, Nanofibrillated Cellulose, Nanocomposites, Mechanical properties, High-pressure Homogenisation, Agro-waste

Published in Journal of Materials Research and Technology

ISSN: 2238-7854 (Print); 2214-0697 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Technology: Mining engineering. Metallurgy
Website: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-materials-research-and-technology/

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