Investigation of Treatment Potential of O-Vanillin Containing Schiff Base Ligand and Pd(II) Complex in Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells and Efficiency of Electroporation

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common and deadliest primary brain tumors. Despite standard treatments such as surgical resection, radiation, and high-dose chemotherapy, the average survival time of patients after diagnosis is around twelve months. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemotherapy potential of Methyl 2-Amino-6-Methyl-4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrothieno[2,3-c] Pyridine-3-Carboxylate-based ligand and its Pd(II) complex in chemotherapy-resistant GBM cells and to investigate the efficacy of electroporation (EP) on the cytotoxicity of these compounds. METHODS: The cytotoxic activity of the ligand and Pd(II) complex was investigated against T98G human GBM cell line, while healthy fibroblast cells (L-929) was used for biocompatibility. The cytotoxicities of Ligand and Pd(II) complex, alone or in combination with EP, were determined by MTT test. RESULTS: Pd(II) complex showed good anti-cancer activity in T98G cells (IC50= 394.67), while it didn't show cytotoxic activity in L-929 fibroblast cells (IC50= 1449.28). The ligand showed cytotoxic activity at IC50= 1126.79 and IC50= 1283.36 levels in T98G and L-929 cell lines, respectively. In the treatment of T98G GBM, the combined application of Pd(II) complex with EP was found to be much more effective than the application of Pd(II) complex alone (p<0.05). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The Pd(II) complex, which didn't show cytotoxic activity in healthy cells (L-929), but showed good cytotoxic activity in the T98G cell line, can be developed as a possible chemotherapeutic agent for GBM treatment and may give promising results when used in combination with EP.

Keywords

• schiff bases
• cell culture techniques
• glioblastoma
• drug therapy
• electroporation