Chronic kidney disease and progression factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: chronic kidney disease is an aggravating condition for the public health system. The detection and timely monitoring of the triggering and progression factors of the disease are a priority in each health system. Objective: to characterize chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with poor metabolic control. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who entered the chronic kidney disease program of the Hospital “Dr. Miguel Enríquez” from October 2021 to January 2023. The population was made up of 175 patients; the sample selected was of 74 patients, who met the inclusion criteria after signing the informed consent. Results: there was a predominance of chronic kidney disease in young patients (64% in 18 to 49 years olds); likewise, the female sex represented a 65.3%; and a duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus of 1 to 5 years in 49.3%; the most frequent comorbidities were: dyslipidemia, arterial hypertension and heart failure with a prevalence of 89.3%, 79.3% and 41.3% respectively. The predominant kidney damage stage was grade 2 in a 20.0%; 4% of patients required renal replacement treatment. Conclusions: kidney disease usually progresses more in women and in patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Inadequate glycemic control is associated with the progression of kidney disease. Damage to kidney function largely depends on metabolic control.

Keywords

• diabetes mellitus
• enfermedad renal crónica
• progresión