Differential dynamics of bone graft transplantation and mesenchymal stem cell therapy during bone defect healing in a murine critical size defect

Elijah Ejun Huang; Ning Zhang; Edward A. Ganio; Huaishuang Shen; Xueping Li; Masaya Ueno; Takeshi Utsunomiya; Masahiro Maruyama; Qi Gao; Ni Su; Zhenyu Yao; Fan Yang; Brice Gaudillière; Stuart B. Goodman

Journal of Orthopaedic Translation (Sep 2022)

Differential dynamics of bone graft transplantation and mesenchymal stem cell therapy during bone defect healing in a murine critical size defect

Elijah Ejun Huang,
Ning Zhang,
Edward A. Ganio,
Huaishuang Shen,
Xueping Li,
Masaya Ueno,
Takeshi Utsunomiya,
Masahiro Maruyama,
Qi Gao,
Ni Su,
Zhenyu Yao,
Fan Yang,
Brice Gaudillière,
Stuart B. Goodman

Affiliations

Elijah Ejun Huang: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Ning Zhang: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Edward A. Ganio: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Huaishuang Shen: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Xueping Li: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Masaya Ueno: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Takeshi Utsunomiya: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Masahiro Maruyama: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Qi Gao: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Ni Su: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Zhenyu Yao: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Fan Yang: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Brice Gaudillière: Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
Stuart B. Goodman: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 36
pp. 64 – 74

Abstract

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Background: A critical size bone defect is a clinical scenario in which bone is lost or excised due to trauma, infection, tumor, or other causes, and cannot completely heal spontaneously. The most common treatment for this condition is autologous bone grafting to the defect site. However, autologous bone graft is often insufficient in quantity or quality for transplantation to these large defects. Recently, tissue engineering methods using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as an alternative treatment. However, the underlying biological principles and optimal techniques for tissue regeneration of bone using stem cell therapy have not been completely elucidated. Methods: In this study, we compare the early cellular dynamics of healing between bone graft transplantation and MSC therapy in a murine chronic femoral critical-size bone defect. We employ high-dimensional mass cytometry to provide a comprehensive view of the differences in cell composition, stem cell functionality, and immunomodulatory activity between these two treatment methods one week after transplantation. Results: We reveal distinct cell compositions among tissues from bone defect sites compared with original bone graft, show active recruitment of MSCs to the bone defect sites, and demonstrate the phenotypic diversity of macrophages and T cells in each group that may affect the clinical outcome. Conclusion: Our results provide critical data and future directions on the use of MSCs for treating critical size defects to regenerate bone.Translational Potential of this article: This study showed systematic comparisons of the cellular and immunomodulatory profiles among different interventions to improve the healing of the critical-size bone defect. The results provided potential strategies for designing robust therapeutic interventions for the unmet clinical need of treating critical-size bone defects.

Published in Journal of Orthopaedic Translation

ISSN: 2214-031X (Print); 2214-0328 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Hong Kong
LCC subjects: Medicine: Internal medicine: Specialties of internal medicine: Diseases of the musculoskeletal system
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-orthopaedic-translation/

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