Cell Reports
(Jul 2016)
Decreased Consumption of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Improves Metabolic Health
Luigi Fontana,
Nicole E. Cummings,
Sebastian I. Arriola Apelo,
Joshua C. Neuman,
Ildiko Kasza,
Brian A. Schmidt,
Edda Cava,
Francesco Spelta,
Valeria Tosti,
Faizan A. Syed,
Emma L. Baar,
Nicola Veronese,
Sara E. Cottrell,
Rachel J. Fenske,
Beatrice Bertozzi,
Harpreet K. Brar,
Terri Pietka,
Arnold D. Bullock,
Robert S. Figenshau,
Gerald L. Andriole,
Matthew J. Merrins,
Caroline M. Alexander,
Michelle E. Kimple,
Dudley W. Lamming
Affiliations
Luigi Fontana
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Nicole E. Cummings
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Sebastian I. Arriola Apelo
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Joshua C. Neuman
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Ildiko Kasza
McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Brian A. Schmidt
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Edda Cava
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Francesco Spelta
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Valeria Tosti
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Faizan A. Syed
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Emma L. Baar
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Nicola Veronese
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Sara E. Cottrell
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Rachel J. Fenske
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Beatrice Bertozzi
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Harpreet K. Brar
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Terri Pietka
Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
Arnold D. Bullock
Division of Urology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Robert S. Figenshau
Division of Urology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Gerald L. Andriole
Division of Urology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
Matthew J. Merrins
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Caroline M. Alexander
McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Michelle E. Kimple
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
Dudley W. Lamming
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.05.092
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 16,
no. 2
Abstract
Read online
Protein-restricted (PR), high-carbohydrate diets improve metabolic health in rodents, yet the precise dietary components that are responsible for these effects have not been identified. Furthermore, the applicability of these studies to humans is unclear. Here, we demonstrate in a randomized controlled trial that a moderate PR diet also improves markers of metabolic health in humans. Intriguingly, we find that feeding mice a diet specifically reduced in branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) is sufficient to improve glucose tolerance and body composition equivalently to a PR diet via metabolically distinct pathways. Our results highlight a critical role for dietary quality at the level of amino acids in the maintenance of metabolic health and suggest that diets specifically reduced in BCAAs, or pharmacological interventions in this pathway, may offer a translatable way to achieve many of the metabolic benefits of a PR diet.
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