International Journal of General Medicine (Dec 2021)
Urinary N-Acetyl-β-d-Glucosaminidase (NAG) Levels and Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Patients
Abstract
Weiwei Lou,1 Qun Cheng,1 Yanqiu Liang,1 Ding Xia2 1Department of Rehabilitation, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of China; 2Urology Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ding XiaDepartment of Urology, Tongji Hospital, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 18177494319Email [email protected]: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have a high incidence rate in population with diabetic patients. Studies on the association between urinary N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) levels, the biomarker of renal tubular damage, with cardiovascular (CV) events diabetic patients was still few.Methods: The relationship between urinary NAG levels and CV events was analyzed in a prospective cohort including 357 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a follow-up of 5 years.Results: Twenty-six (7.3%) patients have CV events. Kaplan–Meier analysis suggested that diabetic patients with urine NAG levels ≥ 37.5 IU/L had a higher rate of CV events than those with urine NAG levels < 37.5 IU/L (Log rank test, P = 0.021). Cox analysis revealed that elevated urine NAG levels significantly contributed to increased risk of CV events (HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.23– 1.93, P < 0.001) after adjusting for clinical confounding factors. Interestingly, we also found that “abnormal renal function” has an effect modification on the association between urine NAG levels and CV events. ROC-AUC analysis suggested that the urine NAG (AUC = 0.81, P < 0.001) had a better predictive value than eGFR (AUC = 0.74, P = 0.012).Conclusion: Elevated urine NAG levels are associated with higher risk of CV events in patients with type 2 diabetes. These results might further suggested that urinary NAG is a value urinary biomarker for early detecting CV events among diabetic patients.Keywords: N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular event, diabetic nephropathy