1H NMR and Multivariate Analysis for Geographic Characterization of Commercial Extra Virgin Olive Oil: A Possible Correlation with Climate Data
Domenico Rongai,
Nadia Sabatini,
Laura Del Coco,
Enzo Perri,
Paolo Del Re,
Nicola Simone,
Donato Marchegiani,
Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
Affiliations
Domenico Rongai
Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, via C.G. Bertero, 22, 00156 Roma, Italy
Nadia Sabatini
Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, via L. Petruzzi, 75, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy
Laura Del Coco
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Prov.Le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
Enzo Perri
Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria-Centro di Ricerca per l’Olivicoltura e l’Industria Olearia, Contrada Li Rocchi, 87036 Rende, Italy
Paolo Del Re
Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, via L. Petruzzi, 75, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy
Nicola Simone
Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, via L. Petruzzi, 75, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy
Donato Marchegiani
Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l’analisi dell’economia agraria (CREA), Research Centre for Engineering and Agro-Food Processing, via L. Petruzzi, 75, 65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy
Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (Di.S.Te.B.A.), Università del Salento, Prov.Le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis has been applied in order to investigate metabolomic profiles of more than 200 extravirgin olive oils (EVOOs) collected in a period of over four years (2009–2012) from different geographic areas. In particular, commercially blended EVOO samples originating from different Italian regions (Tuscany, Sicily and Apulia), as well as European (Spain and Portugal) and non-European (Tunisia, Turkey, Chile and Australia) countries. Multivariate statistical analysis (Principal Component Analisys (PCA) and Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA)) applied on the NMR data revealed the existence of marked differences between Italian (in particular from Tuscany, Sicily and Apulia regions) and foreign (in particular Tunisian) EVOO samples. A possible correlation with available climate data has been also investigated. These results aim to develop a powerful NMR-based tool able to protect Italian olive oil productions.
