Biosensors (Oct 2022)

Zinc Oxide/Phosphorus-Doped Carbon Nitride Composite as Potential Scaffold for Electrochemical Detection of Nitrofurantoin

  • Faheem Ahmed,
  • Thangavelu Kokulnathan,
  • Ahmad Umar,
  • Sheikh Akbar,
  • Shalendra Kumar,
  • Nagih M. Shaalan,
  • Nishat Arshi,
  • Mohd Gulfam Alam,
  • Abdullah Aljaafari,
  • Adil Alshoaibi

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100856
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 10
p. 856

Abstract

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Herein, we present an electrocatalyst constructed by zinc oxide hexagonal prisms/phosphorus-doped carbon nitride wrinkles (ZnO HPs/P-CN) prepared via a facile sonochemical method towards the detection of nitrofurantoin (NF). The ZnO HPs/P-CN-sensing platform showed amplified response and low-peak potential compared with other electrodes. The exceptional electrochemical performance could be credited to ideal architecture, rapid electron/charge transfer, good conductivity, and abundant active sites in the ZnO HPs/P-CN composite. Resulting from these merits, the ZnO HPs/P-CN-modified electrode delivered rapid response (2 s), a low detection limit (2 nM), good linear range (0.01–111 µM), high sensitivity (4.62 µA µM−1 cm2), better selectivity, decent stability (±97.6%), and reproducibility towards electrochemical detection of NF. We further demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed ZnO HPs/P-CN sensor for detecting NF in samples of water and human urine. All the above features make our proposed ZnO HPs/P-CN sensor a most promising probe for detecting NF in natural samples.

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