Complete Genome Sequencing, Molecular Epidemiological, and Pathogenicity Analysis of Pigeon Paramyxoviruses Type 1 Isolated in Guangxi, China during 2012–2018
Ying He,
Bingxia Lu,
Kiril M. Dimitrov,
Jiaxing Liang,
Zhongwei Chen,
Wu Zhao,
Yibin Qin,
Qunpeng Duan,
Yingning Zhou,
Lei Liu,
Bin Li,
Lingtian Yu,
Zhenhua Duan,
Qi Liu
Affiliations
Ying He
College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nannnig 530004, China
Bingxia Lu
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
Kiril M. Dimitrov
Molecular and Virology Diagnostics Section, Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
Jiaxing Liang
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
Zhongwei Chen
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
Wu Zhao
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
Yibin Qin
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
Qunpeng Duan
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
Yingning Zhou
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
Lei Liu
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Agricultural Vocational College, Nanning 530007, China
Bin Li
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
Lingtian Yu
Department of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi Agricultural Vocational College, Nanning 530007, China
Zhenhua Duan
Department of Testing & Quarantine, Animal Disease Control Center of Yulin, Yulin 537000, China
Qi Liu
College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nannnig 530004, China
Newcastle disease is an important poultry disease that also affects Columbiform birds. The viruses adapted to pigeons and doves are referred to as pigeon paramyxoviruses 1 (PPMV-1). PPMV-1 are frequently isolated from pigeons worldwide and have the potential to cause disease in chickens. The complete genomes of 18 PPMV-1 isolated in China during 2012−2018 were sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Comprehensive phylogenetic analyses showed that five of the viruses belong to sub-genotype VI1.2.1.1.2.1 and 13 isolates belong to sub-genotype VI.2.1.1.2.2. The results demonstrate that these sub-genotypes have been predominant in China during the last decade. The viruses of these sub-genotypes have been independently maintained and continuously evolved for over 20 years, and differ significantly from those causing outbreaks worldwide during the 1980s to 2010s. The viral reservoir remains unknown and possibilities of the viruses being maintained in both pigeon farms and wild bird populations are viable. In vivo characterization of the isolates’ pathogenicity estimated mean death times between 62 and 114 hours and intracerebral pathogenicity indices between 0.00 and 0.63. Cross-reactivity testing showed minor antigenic differences between the studied viruses and the genotype II LaSota vaccine. These data will facilitate PPMV-1 epidemiology studies, vaccine development, and control of Newcastle disease in pigeons and poultry.
