The Study of Chemical Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Poplar-Type Polish Propolis Considering Local Flora Diversity in Relation to Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Michał Miłek,
Ewa Ciszkowicz,
Monika Tomczyk,
Ewelina Sidor,
Grzegorz Zaguła,
Katarzyna Lecka-Szlachta,
Anna Pasternakiewicz,
Małgorzata Dżugan
Affiliations
Michał Miłek
Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Ewa Ciszkowicz
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Monika Tomczyk
Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Ewelina Sidor
Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Grzegorz Zaguła
Department of Bioenergy, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszow, Zelwerowicza 4, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Katarzyna Lecka-Szlachta
Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, Powstańców Warszawy 6, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
Anna Pasternakiewicz
Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Małgorzata Dżugan
Department of Chemistry and Food Toxicology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Rzeszów, Ćwiklinskiej 1a, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
Nine samples of ethanolic extracts of poplar-type propolis (EEP) originated from South-Eastern Poland were analyzed in terms of the diversity of the flora around the apiary. The mineral composition, antioxidant properties, polyphenolic profile (HPTLC), and main polyphenolic constituents (HPLC-DAD) were determined. Only minor differences in chemical composition and antioxidant capacity between tested EEPs were found regardless of their botanical origin. However, the biological activity of the EEPs was more diversified. The tested EEPs showed stronger antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) compared to Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis). Staphylococci biofilm inhibition occurred as a result of exposure to the action of four out of nine EEPs (P1–P4). Due to the various compositions of individual EEPs, a different MCF-7 cellular response was observed according to inhibition of cells migration and proliferation. Almost every sample inhibited the migration of breast cancer cells at a low concentration (0.04 µg/mL) of propolis. Even at the lowest concentration (0.02 µg/mL), each EEP inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, however, the level of inhibition varied between samples.
