Les économistes francophones et les équilibres non-walrasiens (1970-1985)

Abstract

The analysis of unemployment implies that the relationships between the various sectors must be taken into account. This idea is at the origin of the approach of several French-speaking economists who, during the 1970s, sought to build general equilibrium models capable of forming the logical foundations of macroeconomic models that would explain economic disequilibrium and, in particular, underemployment. To achieve this goal, they believed that the Arrow and Debreu model needed to be profoundly transformed. The traditional assumptions on which this model was based had to be abandoned in order to create the problems of coordinating the activities of economic agents. It was necessary to return, in particular, to the organization of trade, pricing methods and the role of money. On this basis, they proposed macroeconomic models that distinguish between different types of unemployment that require different economic policy measures.

Keywords

• equilibrium
• neo-Walrasian
• disequilibrium
• unemployment
• profitability