PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION OF SPECIES COMPOSITION OF GRASS VEGETATION IN BILOGRUDIVSKIY FOREST

Abstract

The peculiarities of the formation of grass vegetation in the forest environment are considered. The role of individual environmental factors on the vital activity of undergrowth (grass) is analyzed. The importance of forest grass vegetation in forest regeneration processes has been clarified. The directions of successive changes of the herbaceous component of the forest stand depending on the age of the stand have been established. A systematic analysis of the grass cover of natural and artificial plantations of the Bilogrudivsky forest has been made. The species composition of steppe and coastal vegetation, which has penetrated into the forest area, has been established. 107 taxa of herbaceous vegetation belonging to 80 genera and 34 families have been found in the Bilogrudivsky forest. Of the total grass vegetation, 87 forest indicator species and 10 steppe vegetation species were identified, and 10 species belong to the coastal vegetation, which penetrated from the surrounding agricultural lands, meadows and banks of rivers and streams. The vegetation of the forest estate is characterized by a large number of different phytocenoses, each of which occupies a certain area of settlement, which forms their habitat with a projective cover of 10 to 70% or more. The most represented families are Asteraceae, which includes 11 genera and 16 species, which is 14.95% of the total number of plants, and Lamiaceae. It included 9 genera and 11 species. The share of the species composition of the family is 10.27%; Poaceae includes 8 genera which include 12 species or 11.21%. Individual families are represented by 4 and 3 genera, and in the vast majority of families there is one genus and species. With age, the dynamics of the stand in the forest stands changes, and the succession of forest grass phytocenoses takes place. The process of crown closure demonstrates the ability of forest stands to displace grass vegetation and create a forest environment on the site. The forest biocenosis is undergoing changes, which are characterized by the process of displacement of grassy groups of non-forest ecology and the formation of a purely forest dominant. The 110-year-old plantations of 107 species of herbaceous plants found in 6,110-year-old plantations remain: common hedgenettle, angular Solomon's seal, asarabacca, white nettle, sweetscented bedstraw and early dog-violet. Steppe and coastal vegetation are found singly on the edge of forests and in the clearings of stands.