Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (Dec 2019)
Physical Properties, Chemical Composition and Nutritional Quality Potentials of Lonchocarpus sericeus (Cube root) Seeds and Seed Oil
Abstract
Physical properties, chemical composition and nutritional quality potentials of the seeds of Lonchocarpus sericeus (cube root) were investigated. The water absorption properties of the seeds measured both gravimetrically as hydration capacity (0.02±0.005 g seed-1), and as hydration index (0.06±0.008) and volumetrically as swelling capacity (0.01±0.00 mL seed-1) and the swelling index (1.2x10-4±0.00). The seed contains per 100 g: 17.53±2.08 g moisture, 38.83±4.16 g crude fibre, 3.18±0.19 g ash, 24.93±3.21 g crude fat, 29.96±3.82 g crude protein, 3.10±0.89 g NFE, 149.20±0.24 KJ gross energy, 848±16.09 mg Fe, 722±10.04 mg Mn, 720±9.06 mg Zn, 230±8.21 mg Cu, and 224±8.10 mg Na. Other components the seed contained are 3.14±0.12 mg/g tannin, 2.18±0.32 mg/g oxalate and 4.30±0.06 mg/g saponin. The essential-to-total amino acid ratio (E/T, %) is 44.10%; average predicted protein efficiency ratio (PER) is 2.70, while the predicted biological value (BV) is 34.85. Elaidic acid is the most significant fatty acid (46.32%) found in the seeds with a total saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of 46.14% and 50.50%, respectively. The oil of L. sericeus is equally rich in bioactive compounds including tocopherols, sterols, phospholipids, tocotrienols and terpenoids with a concentration of 50.09, 479.13, 333.14, 1.34 and 3.33 x 10-4 mg/100g, respectively. L. sericeus seed if exploited, would be a potential source of dietary energy, industrial oil, bioactive compounds and vegetable protein.
