Assessment of anthropogenic pressure on the environment in Rostov region

Abstract

Improvement of the methodology for determining the anthropogenic pressure on the region's environment, assessment of individual components and the total anthropogenic pressure, analysis of its formation and distribution in Rostov region. The main factors of anthropogenic impact on the environment are divided into four groups and presented in the form of demographic, industrial, agricultural and transport pressure, which, when summed up, give the total anthropogenic pressure. When determining certain types of anthropogenic pressure in the calculations, materials of statistical yearbooks and official data of regional reports on the state of the environment were used. For each type of anthropogenic pressure, indicators of anthropogenic impact and their numerical values were determined. The total anthropogenic pressure was determined by the sum of points. The features of the formation of anthropogenic pressure in Rostov region have been established. In cities with an industrial type of nature management, an increased and average anthropogenic pressure prevails. In rural areas of suburban urbanized zones and the development of mineral raw materials with an agrarian-industrial type of natural resource use, maximum indicators of environmental impact for agrarian areas, increased and average values of industrial, demographic and agricultural pressure have been established. Rural areas with an agrarian type, remote from industrial centers, are characterized by an increased agricultural pressure, lower and low values of the total pressure.