ZDANIA AKSJOLOGICZNE Z PERSPEKTYWY NATURALIZMU

Abstract

This paper discusses axiological sentences and views about them. Simple axiological sentences fall under the scheme (1) „a is P ”, where a stands for a proper name or a description and P corresponds to an axiological predicate, such as „is good”, or „is beautiful”. However, there are several reasons that justify a modal approach to axiological sentences. Then their form is represented by another formula (2) which in the case of ethical and aesthetic sentences looks as follows: is this good that A, that the letter A is a propositional variable. Using (2) we can investigate axiological sentences as being subject to logical relations displayed by the logical square and its generalizations. Logical analyses of axiological sentences illuminate problems related to cognitivism and non-cognitivism. Finally, axiological presentism is proposed as a view consistent with naturalism.