<i>Zooshikella harenae</i> sp. nov., Isolated from Pacific Oyster <i>Crassostrea gigas</i>, and Establishment of <i>Zooshikella ganghwensis</i> subsp. <i>marina</i> subsp. nov. and <i>Zooshikella ganghwensis</i> subsp. <i>ganghwensis</i> subsp. nov.

Abstract

Here, we describe the polyphasic taxonomy of a novel isolated strain WH53T from the genus Zooshikella isolated from the sand sediment located between the lumen of the Crassostrea gigas From Germany. Phylogenetic analysis determined that the strain WH53T had a high similarity to Zooshikella ganghwensis JC2044T (99.57%) and Zooshikella marina LMG 28823T (99.36%). Strain WH53T contained ubiquinone-9 (Q-9) as the predominant menaquinone, and the major fatty acids were C16:0, C16:1ω7c, and C18:1ω7c. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, amino phospholipids, and unidentified phospholipids were identified as their polar lipid composition. The DNA G+C content and genome size of strain WH53T were 40.08 mol% and 5,914,969 bp, respectively. Digital DNA–DNA hybridisation (dDDH) for strain WH53T against Z. ganghwensis JC2044T and Z. marina LMG 28823T showed low relatedness values of 26.3% and 26.1%, respectively. The extract of strain WH53T exhibited antimicrobial property. Strain WH53T represents a novel species in the genus Zooshikella. We propose the name of Zooshikella harenae sp. nov., with the type strain WH53T (= DSM 111628T = NCCB 100808T). Furthermore, the dDDH, average nucleotide identity (ANI), percentage of conserved proteins (POCP), and amino acid identity (AAI) value between Z. marina LGM 28823T and Z. ganghwensis DSM 15267T were 79.9%, 97.84%, 76.08%, and 87.01%, respectively, suggesting that both of them should be reclassified as Z. ganghwensis subsp. marina subsp. nov. and Z. ganghwensis subsp. ganghwensis DSM 15267 subsp. nov.

Keywords

• pacific oyster <i>Crassostrea gigas</i>
• polyphasic taxonomy
• Wilhelmshaven Sea
• <i>Zooshikella</i>