Evacuation and Re-Evacuation of Educational Institutions and Students of the State Labor Reserves during the Great Patriotic War

Abstract

The processes of evacuation of educational institutions and students of the State labor reserves in the territory of the Sverdlovsk region are investigated. Key priorities are being reconstructed for their placement, arrangement in new places, integration into the structure of the needs of the region's military economy, and subsequent re-evacuation. The analysis of documents of various government bodies, public organizations and materials of personal origin. The systematic information on the evacuation of students of colleges and workschools (FZO) from the western regions of the USSR to the Sverdlovsk region is presented. Particular attention is paid to the problems of the functioning of educational institutions of state labor reserves during the evacuation period. It is emphasized that the reduction in the evacuation of educational institutions since 1943 leads to an increase in the demand of the Sverdlovsk region for the prepositioning of army conscripts from other regions of the country. The conclusion is drawn about the overall effectiveness of the evacuation policy in relation to educational institutions of state labor reserves. At the same time, there are examples of numerous private failures of the evacuation mechanism of colleges and schools of the federal educational institutions, which are explained by the negative role of a number of general principles that form the basis of the system of state labor reserves.

Keywords

• evacuation council
• labor accounting and distribution committee
• general directorate of labor reserves
• evacuation plans
• craft and railway schools
• workschools
• fzo
• re-evacuation orders
• sverdlovsk region