Large-scale, power-efficient Au/VO2 active metasurfaces for ultrafast optical modulation
Kang Tongtong,
Ma Zongwei,
Qin Jun,
Peng Zheng,
Yang Weihao,
Huang Taixing,
Xian Shilin,
Xia Shuang,
Yan Wei,
Yang Yucong,
Sheng Zhigao,
Shen Jian,
Li Chaoyang,
Deng Longjiang,
Bi Lei
Affiliations
Kang Tongtong
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Ma Zongwei
Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei230031, China
Qin Jun
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Peng Zheng
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Yang Weihao
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Huang Taixing
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Xian Shilin
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Xia Shuang
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Yan Wei
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Yang Yucong
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Sheng Zhigao
Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei230031, China
Shen Jian
State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, No. 58, Renmin Avenue, Haikou, Hainan Province570228, China
Li Chaoyang
State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, No. 58, Renmin Avenue, Haikou, Hainan Province570228, China
Deng Longjiang
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Bi Lei
National Engineering Research Center of Electromagnetic Radiation Control Materials, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China
Active metasurfaces, in which the optical property of a metasurface device can be controlled by external stimuli, have attracted great research interest recently. For optical switching and modulation applications, high-performance active metasurfaces need to show high transparency, high power efficiency, as well as ultrafast switching and large-scale fabrication capability. This paper reports Au/VO2-based active metasurfaces meeting the requirements above. Centimeter-scale Au/VO2 metasurfaces are fabricated by polystyrene sphere colloidal crystal self-assembly. The devices show optical modulation on-off ratio up to 12.7 dB and insertion loss down to 3.3 dB at 2200 nm wavelength in the static heating experiment, and ΔT/T of 10% in ultrafast pump-probe experiments. In particular, by judiciously aligning the surface plasmon resonance wavelength to the pump wavelength of the femtosecond laser, the enhanced electric field at 800 nm is capable to switch off the extraordinary optical transmission effect at 2200 nm in 100 fs time scale. Compared to VO2 thin-film samples, the devices also show 50% power reduction for all-optical modulation. Our work provides a practical way to fabricate large-scale and power-efficient active metasurfaces for ultrafast optical modulation.
