REGULARITIES OF VEGETABLE PRODUCTIVITY INFLUENCE ON THE REMOVAL OF NUTRIENT ELEMENTS DURING DRIP IRRIGATION IN DRY-STEPPE VOLGA REGION

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to increase the scientific validity of fertilizer application systems by determining the patterns of influence of vegetable crops productivity on the plant nutrients removal with the yield during promising and modern drip irrigation method under the soil-climatic conditions of the dry steppe Volga region. Field studies were conducted on dark chestnut soils and southern chernozem in Saratov region with different drip irrigation regimes and fertilizer application rates. The yield of cultivated vegetable crops (sweet pepper and eggplants) was determined according to the B. A. Dospekhov method, the humus content in soil – by the wet burning method according to I. V. Tyurin, the available phosphorus and potassium forms by B. P. Machigin method. The nitrogen in fruits content was determined by the photometric indophenolic method, phosphorus – by molybdenum ammonium, and potassium – by flame photometry. The results of field experimental studies were processed by the methods of correlation and regression analysis. The results of a study of plant nutrients removal per ton of the main and corresponding amount of by-products of sweet pepper and eggplants on dark chestnut soils and southern chernozem of Saratov region with different drip irrigation regimes and mineral fertilization rates are presented. The research results analysis showed that both the level of productivity and the variety (hybrid) of the vegetable crops studied have a significant impact on the magnitudes of the removal of the main plant nutrients, which should be taken into account when designing mineral fertilizer application systems for the given crop and assessing the deficiency of nutrient balances. The values of removal calculated by taking into account variety and yield should be used when cultivating them. The values of the removal of nutrients per 1 ton at low, elevated and average yield levels are specified for different varieties (hybrids) of sweet pepper and eggplant.

Keywords

• soil
• fertility
• removal of plant nutrients
• vegetables
• drip irrigation
• mineral fertilizers
• southern chernozem
• dark-chestnut soil
• sweet pepper
• eggplant