International Journal of Nanomedicine (Aug 2021)
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Cytotoxicity, Metabolism, and Cellular Behavior in Biomedicine Applications
Abstract
Hao Wei,1,* Yangnan Hu,2,3,* Junguo Wang,1 Xia Gao,1 Xiaoyun Qian,1 Mingliang Tang2– 4 1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline, Nanjing, 210008, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People’s Republic of China; 3Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital & Institute for Cardiovascular Science, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaoyun Qian; Mingliang Tang Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been widely investigated and applied in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent superparamagnetic properties and reliable traceability. However, with the optimization of core composition, shell types and transfection agents, the cytotoxicity and metabolism of different SPIONs have great differences, and the labeled cells also show different cellular behaviors. Therefore, a holistic review of the construction and application of SPIONs is desired. This review focuses the advances of SPIONs in the field of biomedicine in recent years. After summarizing the toxicity of different SPIONs, the uptake, distribution and metabolism of SPIONs in vitro were discussed. Then, the regulation of labeled-cells behavior is outlined. Furthermore, the major challenges in the optimization process of SPIONs and insights on its future developments are proposed.Keywords: superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, stem cells, cytotoxicity, biological behavior
