Jornal de Pediatria (Dec 2004)

Avaliação do estado nutricional e da composição corporal das crianças índias do Alto Xingu e da etnia Ikpeng Nutritional status and body composition of two South American native populations - Alto Xingu and Ikpeng

  • Ulysses Fagundes,
  • Benjamin Kopelman,
  • Carlos Alberto Garcia Oliva,
  • Roberto Geraldo Baruzzi,
  • Ulysses Fagundes-Neto

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0021-75572004000800010
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 80, no. 6
pp. 483 – 489

Abstract

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OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o estado nutricional e a composição corporal de crianças índias das populações alto-xinguana e Ikpeng, comparando as populações. MÉTODOS: Avaliamos 95 crianças do Alto Xingu e 69 Ikpeng com idades entre 24 e 117 meses. Obtivemos dados sobre idade, peso, estatura, pregas cutâneas, circunferência do braço e impedância bioelétrica. Calculamos escores z para peso, estatura e estimativas da composição corporal. Tendo como referência o NCHS 2000, determinamos diagnóstico de baixo peso e baixa estatura como sendo inferior a -2 escores z para os indicadores peso/idade ou índice de massa corporal/idade e estatura/idade, respectivamente. Para obesidade, o ponto de corte foi 2 escores do indicador índice de massa corporal/idade. As massas corporais magra e gordurosa foram calculadas a partir de duas equações validadas na literatura. RESULTADOS: Diagnosticamos baixa estatura em 8,4% das crianças do Alto Xingu e em 37,7% das Ikpeng (p OBJECTIVES: To assess the nutritional and body composition of two Brazilian indigenous populations by comparing their nutritional status. METHODS: 95 children from Alto Xingu and 69 from Ikpeng were evaluated, ages ranged from 24 to 117 months. The study was performed in the Xingu Indigenous Park. Data collected were: age, weight, height, skin folds, arm circumference, resistance and reactance. The z-scores were calculated and classified according to the parameters defined by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS 2000). Shortness was defined as length or stature below -2, underweight as body mass index below -2, and overweight as body mass index above 2. RESULTS: Among children from Alto Xingu, the prevalence of shortness was 8.4%, while among Ikpengs the prevalence was 37.7% (p < 0.001). Underweight was diagnosed in 12.5% of Ikpeng's children. Values of fat-free mass were greater for children from Alto Xingu and no case of obesity was found. CONCLUSION: In this study, Ikpeng's children showed higher incidences of short stature and low weight than the Altoxingu's children. Data regarding body composition have greater values among children from Alto Xingu, thus we conclude that nutritional status among children from Alto Xingu is better than the one found among the Ikpeng's children.

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