Study of heat protection of external envelopes of a residential building in the cold period

Abstract

In the study a full-scale thermovisional survey was carried out in the cold period of time of a multi-apartment residential building located in the Northern part of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The result of the survey showed the presence of significant problems on heat protection, where according to the analysis of thermograms of external wall envelopes it was revealed that almost all living rooms have envelopes with a negative value of heat protection, which does not meet existing standards. The analysis of thermograms of all rooms showed the existing problems on thermal stability of external wall envelopes, as the temperature difference between the inner surface of the external envelope and the internal air temperature ranged from 5.5 °C to 19.7 °C, where the difference reached 49 times in some places, depending on the living room. Analysis of thermograms of window openings also showed a lot of deviations. Thus, thermograms of window apertures showed deviations from sanitary-hygienic norms on dew point value from 12°C to 26.2°C depending on the living room. The revealed deviations on thermal protection of external envelopes are the main sources of heat energy loss and indicate the presence of problems on thermal stability of external envelopes in the cold period, which require special attention. In this regard, the obtained results of this study will be further taken into account in the development of new and optimization of existing wall envelope structures, taking into account the climatic features of the Republic of Kazakhstan.