Accelerometer-Assessed Physical Activity in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Accounting for Sleep when Determining Associations with Markers of Health
Alex V. Rowlands,
Vincent T. van Hees,
Nathan P. Dawkins,
Benjamin D. Maylor,
Tatiana Plekhanova,
Joseph Henson,
Charlotte L. Edwardson,
Emer M. Brady,
Andrew P. Hall,
Melanie J. Davies,
Thomas Yates
Affiliations
Alex V. Rowlands
Assessment of Movement Behaviours Group (AMBer), Leicester Lifestyle and Health Research Group, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
Vincent T. van Hees
Accelting, 1363 CH Almere, The Netherlands
Nathan P. Dawkins
School of Sport and Wellbeing, Leeds Trinity University, Leeds LS18 5HD, UK
Benjamin D. Maylor
Assessment of Movement Behaviours Group (AMBer), Leicester Lifestyle and Health Research Group, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
Tatiana Plekhanova
Assessment of Movement Behaviours Group (AMBer), Leicester Lifestyle and Health Research Group, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
Joseph Henson
National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
Charlotte L. Edwardson
Assessment of Movement Behaviours Group (AMBer), Leicester Lifestyle and Health Research Group, Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
Emer M. Brady
Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Andrew P. Hall
Hanning Sleep Laboratory and Leicester General Hospital, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
Melanie J. Davies
National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
Thomas Yates
National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
High physical activity levels during wake are beneficial for health, while high movement levels during sleep are detrimental to health. Our aim was to compare the associations of accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sleep disruption with adiposity and fitness using standardized and individualized wake and sleep windows. People (N = 609) with type 2 diabetes wore an accelerometer for up to 8 days. Waist circumference, body fat percentage, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) test score, sit-to-stands, and resting heart rate were assessed. Physical activity was assessed via the average acceleration and intensity distribution (intensity gradient) over standardized (most active 16 continuous hours (M16h)) and individualized wake windows. Sleep disruption was assessed via the average acceleration over standardized (least active 8 continuous hours (L8h)) and individualized sleep windows. Average acceleration and intensity distribution during the wake window were beneficially associated with adiposity and fitness, while average acceleration during the sleep window was detrimentally associated with adiposity and fitness. Point estimates for the associations were slightly stronger for the standardized than for individualized wake/sleep windows. In conclusion, standardized wake and sleep windows may have stronger associations with health due to capturing variations in sleep durations across individuals, while individualized windows represent a purer measure of wake/sleep behaviors.
