Progress of study on inflammatory factors regulating function of vascular endothelial cells from type 1 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Inflammatory factors are widely involved not only in the physiopathological process of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but also in the regulation of vascular endothelial dysfunction. A variety of inflammatory factors affect the insulin signaling pathway through activation of oxidative stress or regulation of related receptors, leading to apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells and vascular endothelial dysfunction. This article reviews the relationship between type 1 diabetes and the inflammatory factors interleukin family, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, transforming growth factor β1, and fork head transcription factor p3. Furthermore, the research results on inflammatory factors, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM), and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) regulating type 1 diabetes complicated with vascular endothelial dysfunction are reviewed and the potential cytokine immunotherapy modulating vascular endothelial dysfunction is envisioned.

Keywords

• type 1 diabetes|vascular endothelial cell|inflammatory factors|immunotherapy