An Overview on Co-Pyrolysis of Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Wastes

Hemant Ghai; Deepak Sakhuja; Shikha Yadav; Preeti Solanki; Chayanika Putatunda; Ravi Kant Bhatia; Arvind Kumar Bhatt; Sunita Varjani; Yung-Hun Yang; Shashi Kant Bhatia; Abhishek Walia

doi:10.3390/en15114168

Energies (Jun 2022)

An Overview on Co-Pyrolysis of Biodegradable and Non-Biodegradable Wastes

Hemant Ghai,
Deepak Sakhuja,
Shikha Yadav,
Preeti Solanki,
Chayanika Putatunda,
Ravi Kant Bhatia,
Arvind Kumar Bhatt,
Sunita Varjani,
Yung-Hun Yang,
Shashi Kant Bhatia,
Abhishek Walia

Affiliations

Hemant Ghai: Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
Deepak Sakhuja: Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
Shikha Yadav: Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
Preeti Solanki: Multidisciplinary Research Unit (MRU), Pt. BD Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
Chayanika Putatunda: Department of Microbiology, Om Sterling Global University, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India
Ravi Kant Bhatia: Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
Arvind Kumar Bhatt: Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Summer Hill, Shimla 171005, Himachal Pradesh, India
Sunita Varjani: Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar 382010, Gujarat, India
Yung-Hun Yang: Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
Shashi Kant Bhatia: Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
Abhishek Walia: Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, CSKHPKV, Palampur 176062, Himachal Pradesh, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en15114168
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 15, no. 11
p. 4168

Abstract

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Continuous urbanization and modernization have increased the burning of fossil fuels to meet energy needs across the globe, emanating environmental pollution and depleting fossil fuels. Therefore, a shift towards sustainable and renewable energy is necessary. Several techniques to exploit biomass to yield energy are trending, with pyrolysis one of them. Usually, a single feedstock is employed in pyrolysis for anoxygenic generation of biochar together with bio-oil at elevated temperatures (350–600 °C). Bio-oil produced through pyrolysis can be upgraded to crude oil after some modification. However, these modifications of bio-oil are one of the major drawbacks for its large-scale adoption, as upgradation increases the overall cost. Therefore, in recent years the scientific community has been researching co-pyrolysis technology that involves the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass waste with non-biodegradable waste. Co-pyrolysis reduces the need for post-modification of bio-oil, unlike pyrolysis of a single feedstock. This review article discusses the recent advancements and technological challenges in waste biomass co-pyrolysis, the mechanism of co-pyrolysis, and factors that affect co-pyrolysis. The current study critically analyzes different recent research articles presented in databases such as PubMed, MDPI, ScienceDirect, Springer, etc. Hence, this review is one-of-a-kind in that it attempts to explain each and every aspect of the co-pyrolysis process and its current progress in the scientific field. Consequently, this review also compiles the remarkable achievements in co-pyrolysis and recommendations for the future.

Published in Energies

ISSN: 1996-1073 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Technology
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies

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