INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CHILDREN

Abstract

Infectious diseases are diseases that are caused by spread of microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungus or parasites) or prions to the people from the humans, animals or environment. Infections have been transmitted by contacts, droplets or aero genus, directly from human to human, through infected objects, with consumption of contaminated food or beverage, contact with contaminated body liquids or with bite or peak of an animal. Healthcare management of infections caused by Lyme borrelia, tick – borne meningoencephalitis, hantaviruses, measles virus and varicella zoster virus are discussed. Many infectious diseases, such as measles and chickenpox, could be prevented with vaccines. The procedures of aerogenic isolation need to be applied in hospital environment; if however the infected person does not need to be hospitalized he (she) must be isolated at home environment. Raising of people awareness is very important for animal borne diseases. The awareness upon importance of protection against tick bites and consistent self-examination is crucial for diminishing of infections with Lyme borellia and tick – borne meningoencephalitis and protection against inhalation of aerosols while cleaning the abandoned areas against mouse fever. There is a vaccine against tick – borne meningoencephalitis which is recommended from the age of one year. Due to Ukrainian war and increased number of displaced persons an increase in infections with tuberculosis, measles and the emergence of multi- resistant bacteria is possible. All measures to prevent and control healthcare connected infections should be considered when treating individuals from this area.

Keywords

• infectious diseases
• isolation
• treatment of children
• the role of the nurse
• prevention