The Role of Extracellular Adenosine Generation in the Development of Autoimmune Diseases

F. Morandi; A. L. Horenstein; R. Rizzo; F. Malavasi

doi:10.1155/2018/7019398

Mediators of Inflammation (Jan 2018)

The Role of Extracellular Adenosine Generation in the Development of Autoimmune Diseases

F. Morandi,
A. L. Horenstein,
R. Rizzo,
F. Malavasi

Affiliations

F. Morandi: Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16148 Genova, Italy
A. L. Horenstein: Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
R. Rizzo: Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Microbiology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
F. Malavasi: Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7019398
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 2018

Abstract

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Adenosine (ADO) is an immunosuppressive molecule, which suppresses the immune responses by interacting with specific receptors expressed by immune effector cells. ADO is produced from ATP through the enzymatic activities of CD39 and CD73. Alternatively, ADO can be generated starting from NAD+, which is metabolized by the concerted action of CD38, CD203a/PC-1, and CD73. The role of ADO in immunity has been characterized in the last years in physiology and in pathological settings. This review examines a panel of reports focused on the functions of ADO in the context of human autoimmune/inflammatory diseases and the selected animal models. The final aim is to consider the role of adenosinergic ectoenzymes and ADO receptors as novel therapeutic targets for selected diseases.

Published in Mediators of Inflammation

ISSN: 0962-9351 (Print); 1466-1861 (Online)
Publisher: Hindawi Limited
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Medicine: Pathology
Website: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/

About the journal