Development of Bioimplants with 2D, 3D, and 4D Additive Manufacturing Materials
Guo Liu,
Yunhu He,
Pengchao Liu,
Zhou Chen,
Xuliang Chen,
Lei Wan,
Ying Li,
Jian Lu
Affiliations
Guo Liu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; Centre for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Greater Bay Joint Division, Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Shenzhen 518057, China
Yunhu He
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Pengchao Liu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Zhou Chen
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Xuliang Chen
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Lei Wan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
Ying Li
Centre for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Greater Bay Joint Division, Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Shenzhen 518057, China
Jian Lu
Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; Centre for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Greater Bay Joint Division, Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Shenzhen 518057, China; Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; CityU-Shenzhen Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen 518045, China; Corresponding author.
Over the past 30 years, additive manufacturing (AM) has developed rapidly and has demonstrated great potential in biomedical applications. AM is a materials-oriented manufacturing technology, since the solidification mechanism, architecture resolution, post-treatment process, and functional application are based on the materials to be printed. However, 3D printable materials are still quite limited for the fabrication of bioimplants. In this work, 2D/3D AM materials for bioimplants are reviewed. Furthermore, inspired by Tai Chi, a simple yet novel soft/rigid hybrid 4D AM concept is advanced to develop complex and dynamic biological structures in the human body based on 4D printing hybrid ceramic precursor/ceramic materials that were previously developed by our group. With the development of multi-material printing technology, the development of bioimplants and soft/rigid hybrid biological structures with 2D/3D/4D AM materials can be anticipated.
