Sovremennye Issledovaniâ Socialʹnyh Problem (Sep 2024)
LEGISLATIVE BASIS OF NOBLE ESTATE SELF-GOVERNMENT IN TULA PROVINCE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY – BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY
Abstract
Background. Historically, the nobility in the Russian Empire was a privileged class and the support of the autocracy. Modernization bourgeois-democratic reforms of the 1860-1870s influenced all spheres of society, including the nobility, which sought to maintain its privileged position, which could not but affect the transformation of the legislative foundations of estate self-government bodies. In the article, the author suggests that, despite the fact that the autocracy was interested in maintaining the position of the nobility, it was forced to make changes to the legislation regulating the activities of noble self-government. The legislation of the Tula province reflected all-Russian trends, but had some features. The purpose of the study is to identify the general and specific features in the formation of the legislative foundations of noble self-government in the Tula province in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, and their competencies. Materials and methods. The main research method is historical-genetic and historical-comparative. The article is based on the analysis of legislative acts of the 19th - early 20th centuries and office work materials of noble assemblies. Research results. The fundamental similarity of the all-Russian legislative foundations and the Tula province was established. Before the Great Reforms, noble assemblies were important local government bodies, protecting the political and economic interests of the nobility. After the reforms of the 1860-1870s, their powers were reduced, limited to economic issues and maintaining genealogical books, but the nobles continued to occupy key positions in the zemstvo administration until 1917. In the Tula province, the principles of noble self-government were based on Russian legislation. The peculiarity of the changes in the legislative foundations of the Tula nobility was that the Assembly opposed the reduction of the property qualification. The main functions of the Assembly in the post-reform period remained the maintenance of genealogical books, the issuance of certificates of noble status, charity and guardianship of nobles who had cooled off without care. In the post-reform period, the noble self-government had significant competencies and the necessary resources to support them.
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