Matching Phosphorus Fertilizer Types with Soil Type in Rice Cultivation Optimizes Yield, Soil Phosphorus Availability, and Phosphorus Fertilizer Use Efficiency
Shiyu Peng,
Xinyao Zhang,
Le Sun,
Rushan Chai,
Chaochun Zhang,
Xiaohui Chen,
Laichao Luo,
Kadambot H. M. Siddique
Affiliations
Shiyu Peng
Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Xinyao Zhang
Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Le Sun
Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Rushan Chai
Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Chaochun Zhang
Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Xiaohui Chen
Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Laichao Luo
Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Nutrient Utilization, Anhui Province Engineering and Technology Research Center of Intelligent Manufacture and Efficient Utilization of Green Phosphorus Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
Kadambot H. M. Siddique
The UWA Institute of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
Inefficient phosphorus (P) fertilizer application often accumulates soil P, wasting valuable phosphate resources and contributing to environmental pollution. Given the suboptimal P fertilizer use efficiency (PUE), understanding soil P dynamics and selecting appropriate fertilizers is crucial. Fluvo-aquic soil and yellow-cinnamon soils were used in a rice pot trial to compare five P fertilizer types: single superphosphate (SSP), diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium magnesium phosphate (CMP), triple superphosphate (TSP), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP), alongside a no P, control (CK). In fluvo-aquic soil, TSP and APP significantly increased rhizosphere P availability at anthesis, while SSP increased yield and shoot P accumulation at maturity. In yellow-cinnamon soil, DAP had the highest rhizosphere P availability at anthesis, while APP significantly increased shoot P accumulation at anthesis and shoot P accumulation and grain yield at maturity. Moreover, PUE was highest with SSP and CMP in fluvo-aquic soil and APP and TSP in yellow-cinnamon soil. Throughout the experiment, increased soil alkaline phosphatase activity promoted NaOH-Po conversion to NaHCO3-Pi, increasing rice shoot P uptake, yield, and PUE in both soils. Based on the above findings, it is recommended to apply SSP and TSP to fluvo-aquic soil and APP and TSP to yellow-cinnamon soil to achieve higher yield and PUE, which can be further confirmed by subsequent field-scale studies.
