Studying of age-related features of laboratory and instrumental indicators in the new coronavirus infection COVID-19

Abstract

Background. The priority direction of the COVID-19 fight is the identification of target population groups. These are primarily elderly people. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comparative assessment of laboratory and instrumental indicators in patients with new coronavirus infection COVID-19 of different age groups. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of data on the study of age-related features of laboratory and instrumental indicators in COVID-19 was carried out. All patients were divided into 2 groups depending on age: group 1 (n=12) – patients younger than 60 years, group 2 (n=27) – patients older than 60 years. The results of laboratory and instrumental inducators were used for the analysis. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Student's criterion and the χ2 test. Results. Despite the fact that the percentage of lung damage was higher in younger patients by 10,5 %, mortality prevailed in the elderly (p<0,001). Patients over 60 years of age have a tendency to anemia, severe leukocytosis and a higher level of ESR. Patients younger than 60 years of age showed a tendency to thrombocytopenia and a slight increase in AST. Increased levels of urea, creatinine and blood sugar are characteristic of both groups. Complications from the cardiovascular system are more typical for elderly patients, however, in patients younger than 60 years, sinus tachycardia was more common by 9,6 % (p<0,01). Diffuse changes in liver parenchyma and free fluid in the abdominal cavity were more common in elderly patients (p<0,01). According to CT scan , complications from the respiratory system are statistically more common among elderly patients, however, patients with hydrothorax were 22,8 % more among patients under 60 years of age (p<0,01). In both age groups, deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities was detected in 70 % or more (p<0,05). Conclusions. The severity of COVID-19 depends on age. In patients under 60 years of age, despite the high degree of lung damage, the number of deaths is less than in patients over 60 years of age. The results of CBC, ECG, ultrasound test of the abdominal cavity, CDR of the vessels of the lower extremities indicate a more severe course of the disease in the elderly.

Keywords

• covid-19
• sars-cov-2
• age-related features
• focus group
• epidemic process