Tandem hydroformylation-amine condensation and reduction of canola fatty acid methyl esters for production of diesel renewable antioxidant additives

Abstract

A canola fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) mixture was synthesized through transesterification and modified by rhodium homogeneous tandem hydroformylation-amine condensation, with primary amines, yielding imine products. The obtained imines were reduced by maceration with sodium borohydride and alumina, yielding secondary amine products. The synthesized fatty imines and amines were evaluated as additives for commercial diesel and biodiesel on concentrations of 0.5 and 1.0 %, while tested for oxidative stability fallowing the EN14112 standard method. The tested amino products exhibited higher oxidative stability, which justifies its application as antioxidant additives, while the diesel blends did not show expressive physicochemical modifications. The modified amino-FAME antioxidant performance, justifies a renewable biorefinery application, extend the biodiesel shelf-life prior to diesel blending, complies with UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and if prepared from residues, enhance the circular economy appeal.

Keywords

• Renewable
• FAME
• Hydroformylation
• Condensation
• Additives
• Antioxidant