Petroleum Research (Dec 2023)
Investigating tight oil reservoir production performance: Influence of geomechanical parameters and their distribution
Abstract
Geomechanical properties have a prominent influence on reservoir stresses, which consequently reduce permeability and porosity with pressure depletion. These properties significantly affect the accuracy of reservoir modeling and recovery calculation, but have not been fully studied; therefore, more work is needed. Full field data and laboratory measurements are included in the study. The work involves deriving an equation by combining experimental data for permeability and porosity reduction during a change in stress with the poroelastic stress equation to investigate the impact of Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus on the reduction of permeability and porosity with pressure depletion. Most simulation studies assume constant geomechanical properties across the entire reservoir or for each individual reservoir layer. In this study, three approaches were considered for the Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus in the reservoir model: 1) constant average values assigned to the entire reservoir, 2) constant average values assigned to each layer, and 3) constant values assigned to each grid block. The validity of the model results was checked by history matching with production and pressure data. For the studied tight reservoir, the Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus significantly affected the permeability and porosity reduction with pressure depletion. The impact of Young's modulus was more pronounced than Poisson's ratio. The simulation results for oil rate, cumulative oil production, and water cut for the reservoir and a selected well showed that applying the three suggested geomechanical approaches resulted in a substantial discrepancy in the model outcome. In general, the coupled model with the mapped geomechanical properties resulted in lower oil and water production. This is attributed to the large values of mapped Young's modulus in parts of the reservoir which resulted in large permeability reduction and subsequently lower oil and water production is expected. In contrast lower Young's modulus per layer was obtained due to averaging process. Poisson's ratio effect on fluid production is much less significant due to its small effect on permeability reduction with depletion. Similarly, the adoption of different geomechanical property values for each layer yielded a relatively lower production outcome than when using a constant value for the entire reservoir. The study indicates the importance of considering the detailed description of the reservoir geomechanical properties to obtain reliable simulation results.
