Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Oct 2021)

Incidence and Predictors of Chronic Kidney Disease among Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Retrospective Follow-Up Study at a Tertiary Health-Care Setting of Ethiopia

  • Debele GR,
  • Hajure M,
  • Wolde HF,
  • Yenit MK

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 14
pp. 4381 – 4390

Abstract

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Gebiso Roba Debele,1 Mohammedamin Hajure,2 Haileab Fekadu Wolde,3 Melaku Kindie Yenit3 1Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia; 2Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia; 3Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Gebiso Roba Debele Email [email protected]: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) and it is a major health burden worldwide. Despite the increasing trend of microvascular complications in developing countries, there is limited evidence on predictors of CKD among diabetic patients in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the incidence and predictors of CKD among DM patients.Methods: A retrospective follow-up study was conducted among type 1 and type 2 DM patients in Southwest Ethiopia. A total of 437 newly-diagnosed diabetes patients were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were extracted from patients’ medical records. Cox proportional hazard model was fitted and a 95% confidence interval was used to select significant variables.Results: Overall, 15.56% of patients developed CKD, with an incidence rate of 2.29 per 1,000 person-month (PM) (95% CI=1.79– 2.93). Female sex (AHR=0.51, 95% CI=0.27– 0.94) was found to be a protective factor of CKD, while positive proteinuria (AHR=2.85, 95% CI=1.48– 5.55), having hypertension (HTN) (AHR=2.31, 95% CI=1.03– 5.56), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) < 40 mg/dL (AHR=3.19, 95% CI=1.73– 5.98) were significant predictors of CKD.Conclusion: CKD among DM patients continues to be a significant public health problem in health-care settings of Ethiopia. The current study found being female was protective, while positive proteinuria, HTN, and HDL-C < 40 mg/dL were risk factors for CKD. We recommend health professionals to give more attention to DM patients with the identified risk factors.Keywords: incidence, chronic kidney disease, predictors, diabetes mellitus

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