Design and Experimental Analysis of Multiband Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for 5G and Sub-6 GHz Wireless Communication
Haris Dildar,
Faisal Althobiani,
Ikhlas Ahmad,
Wasi Ur Rehman Khan,
Sadiq Ullah,
Naveed Mufti,
Shakir Ullah,
Fazal Muhammad,
Muhammad Irfan,
Adam Glowacz
Affiliations
Haris Dildar
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
Faisal Althobiani
Faculty of Maritime Studies, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80401, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
Ikhlas Ahmad
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
Wasi Ur Rehman Khan
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
Sadiq Ullah
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
Naveed Mufti
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
Shakir Ullah
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
Fazal Muhammad
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
Muhammad Irfan
Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Najran University Saudi Arabia, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
Adam Glowacz
Department of Automatic Control and Robotics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
A low-profile frequency reconfigurable monopole antenna operating in the microwave frequency band is presented in this paper. The proposed structure is printed on Flame Retardant-4 (FR-4) substrate having relative permittivity of 4.3 and tangent loss of 0.025. Four pin diode switches are inserted between radiating patches for switching the various operating modes of an antenna. The proposed antenna operates in five modes, covering nine different bands by operating at single bands of 5 and 3.5 GHz in Mode 1 and Mode 2, dual bands (i.e., 2.6 and 6.5 GHz, 2.1 and 5.6 GHz) in Mode 3 and 4 and triple bands in Mode 5 (i.e., 1.8, 4.8, and 6.4 GHz). The Voltage Standing Waves Ratio (VSWR) of the presented antenna is less than 1.5 for all the operating bands. The efficiency of the designed antenna is 84 % and gain ranges from 1.2 to 3.6 dBi, respectively, at corresponding resonant frequencies. The achieve bandwidths at respective frequencies ranges from 10.5 to 28%. The proposed structure is modeled in Computer Simulation Technology microwave studio (CST MWS) and the simulated results are experimentally validated. Due to its reasonably small size and support for multiple wireless standards, the proposed antenna can be used in modern handheld fifth generation (5G) devices as well as Internet of Things (IoT) enabled systems in smart cities.
