Role of structural inheritance in the gravitational deformation of the Monviso meta-ophiolite Complex: the Pui-Orgiera serpentinite landslide (Varaita Valley, Western Alps)

Abstract

Depending on its chemical and mineralogical composition, the serpentinite represents a peculiar rocky material, which plays a significant role in influencing pedogenetic weathering, vegetation ecology, geo-mechanical and tectonic processes, as well as gravitational slope failure. In serpentinite-bearing environments the response to gravitational stress is more effective than in other rock types. In the Monviso meta-ophiolite Complex (Western Alps), a close relation between landsliding and serpentinite rock occurrences is particularly evident. Our geological map (Main Map), at a scale 1:10,000, illustrates the geology and geomorphological features of the Pui-Orgiera giant (2.98 km2) complex landslide, located on the southern slope of the Monviso Massif. This map clearly documents that the characteristics and kinematics of the landslide are closely associated to the anomalous thickening and widening increase of the Baracun Shear Zone, a remnants of an intra-oceanic detachment fault which separates serpentinite and meta-intrusives from metabasalt and metasediments of the Monviso meta-ophiolite Complex.

Keywords

• monviso meta-ophiolite complex
• serpentinite
• landslide
• rock flow
• talcschist