Adsorptive Elimination of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution Using Magnetic Chitosan/Cellulose-Fe(III) Composite as a Bio-Sorbent
Aina Mardhia Khalid,
Md. Sohrab Hossain,
Nor Afifah Khalil,
Muzafar Zulkifli,
Md. Azharul Arafath,
Maizatul Shima Shaharun,
Rashid Ayub,
Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya,
Norli Ismail
Affiliations
Aina Mardhia Khalid
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), George Town 11800, Malaysia
Md. Sohrab Hossain
Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
Nor Afifah Khalil
Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and BioEngineering Technology, Alor Gajah 78000, Malaysia
Muzafar Zulkifli
Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and BioEngineering Technology, Alor Gajah 78000, Malaysia
Md. Azharul Arafath
Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
Maizatul Shima Shaharun
Institute of Contaminant Management, Centre for Contaminant Control & Utilization (CenCoU), Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
Rashid Ayub
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Ahmad Naim Ahmad Yahaya
Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Branch Campus Malaysian Institute of Chemical and BioEngineering Technology, Alor Gajah 78000, Malaysia
Norli Ismail
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), George Town 11800, Malaysia
Magnetic chitosan/cellulose nanofiber-Fe(III) [M-Ch/CNF-Fe(III)] composites were isolated for the elimination of Cr(VI), Cu(II), and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Various analytical methods, such as field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to determine the morphological, physicochemical, and thermal properties of the isolated M-Ch/CNF-Fe(III) composites. It was found that the M-Ch/CNF-Fe(III) composites were porous materials, and they have the potential to be implemented as an adsorbent for heavy metals removal. The adsorption efficiency of M-Ch/CNF-Fe(III) composites was determined for Cr(VI), Cu(II), and Pb(II) elimination with changing pH (pH 1.0–8.0), adsorbent doses (0.05–1.0 g), time (15–90 min), and temperature (28–80 °C). In addition, isothermal and kinetics studies were conducted to assess the adsorption behavior and mass transfer phenomena of M-Ch/CNF-Fe(III) composites as an adsorbent for Cr(VI), Cu(II) and Pb(II) elimination from aqueous solution. The outcomes of the present study reveal that the M-Ch/CNF-Fe(III) composites could be utilized as an adsorbent for the Cr(VI), Cu(II), and Pb(II) elimination from industrial effluents.
