Assessment of hydrogeochemistry in groundwater using water quality index model and indices approaches

Md Galal Uddin; Mir Talas Mahammad Diganta; Abdul Majed Sajib; Md. Abu Hasan; Md. Moniruzzaman; Azizur Rahman; Agnieszka I. Olbert; Md Moniruzzaman

Heliyon (Sep 2023)

Assessment of hydrogeochemistry in groundwater using water quality index model and indices approaches

Md Galal Uddin,
Mir Talas Mahammad Diganta,
Abdul Majed Sajib,
Md. Abu Hasan,
Md. Moniruzzaman,
Azizur Rahman,
Agnieszka I. Olbert,
Md Moniruzzaman

Affiliations

Md Galal Uddin: Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland; MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland; Eco-HydroInformatics Research Group (EHIRG), Civil Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland; Department of Geography and Environment, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Corresponding author. Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
Mir Talas Mahammad Diganta: Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland; MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland; Eco-HydroInformatics Research Group (EHIRG), Civil Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
Abdul Majed Sajib: Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland; MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland; Eco-HydroInformatics Research Group (EHIRG), Civil Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
Md. Abu Hasan: Bangladesh Reference Institution for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Dr. Qudrat-e- Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
Md. Moniruzzaman: Bangladesh Reference Institution for Chemical Measurements (BRiCM), Dr. Qudrat-e- Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh
Azizur Rahman: School of Computing, Mathematics and Engineering, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia; The Gulbali Institute of Agriculture, Water and Environment, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, Australia
Agnieszka I. Olbert: Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland; Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Ireland; MaREI Research Centre, University of Galway, Ireland; Eco-HydroInformatics Research Group (EHIRG), Civil Engineering, University of Galway, Ireland
Md Moniruzzaman: Department of Geography and Environment, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 9, no. 9
p. e19668

Abstract

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Groundwater resources around the world required periodic monitoring in order to ensure the safe and sustainable utilization for humans by keeping the good status of water quality. However, this could be a daunting task for developing countries due to the insufficient data in spatiotemporal resolution. Therefore, this research work aimed to assess groundwater quality in terms of drinking and irrigation purposes at the adjacent part of the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant (RNPP) in Bangladesh. For the purposes of achieving the aim of this study, nine groundwater samples were collected seasonally (dry and wet season) and seventeen hydro-geochemical indicators were analyzed, including Temperature (Temp.), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total alkalinity (TA), total hardness (TH), total organic carbon (TOC), bicarbonate (HCO3−), chloride (Cl−), phosphate (PO43−), sulfate (SO42−), nitrite (NO2−), nitrate (NO3−), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+). The present study utilized the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment water quality index (CCME-WQI) model to assess water quality for drinking purposes. In addition, nine indices including EC, TDS, TH, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percent sodium (Na%), permeability index (PI), Kelley's ratio (KR), magnesium hazard ratio (MHR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), and Residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were used in this research for assessing the water quality for irrigation purposes. The computed mean CCME-WQI score found higher during the dry season (ranges 48 to 74) than the wet season (ranges 40 to 65). Moreover, CCME-WQI model ranked groundwater quality between the “poor” and “marginal” categories during the wet season implying unsuitable water for human consumption. Like CCME-WQI model, majority of the irrigation index also demonstrated suitable water for crop cultivation during dry season. The findings of this research indicate that it requires additional care to improve the monitoring programme for protecting groundwater quality in the RNPP area. Insightful information from this study might be useful as baseline for national strategic planners in order to protect groundwater resources during the any emergencies associated with RNPP.

Published in Heliyon

ISSN: 2405-8440 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: United Kingdom
LCC subjects: Science: Science (General); Social Sciences: Social sciences (General)
Website: https://www.cell.com/heliyon/home

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