Phytochemical fingerprint revealing antibacterial and antioxidant activities of endemic banana cultivars in Southeast Asia
Liang Ying Ee,
Bao Hui Ng,
Bao Yi Ng,
Anna Karen Carrasco Laserna,
Hui Ting Chu,
Heng Li Chee,
Sam Fong Yau Li
Affiliations
Liang Ying Ee
Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore; Chemical Engineering Program, Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
Bao Hui Ng
Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
Bao Yi Ng
Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
Anna Karen Carrasco Laserna
Central Instrumentation Facility (Laguna Campus), Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Innovation, De La Salle University, 2041 Taft Avenue, Manila, 1004, Philippines
Hui Ting Chu
Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore; Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 31 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138669, Singapore
Heng Li Chee
Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, Singapore, 138634, Singapore
Sam Fong Yau Li
Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, T-Lab Building, 5A Engineering Drive 1, Singapore, 117411, Singapore; Corresponding author. Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities and Sciences, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
This study explores the bioactive secondary metabolite profiles of the peels of three major cultivars of bananas (Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana). These cultivars are primarily grown in Southeast Asia and are widely consumed due to their rich nutritional and fiber content. The research utilizes advanced analytical techniques, specifically HPLC-DAD-q-TOF-MS/MS, in conjunction with both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, to analyze the ethanolic extracts of the banana peels. This study identifies phenolic acids, flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins as significant contributors to the differentiation of the cultivars. The secondary metabolites rutin, chlorogenic acid, and gentisic acid are pinpointed as the key discriminants. Moreover, the research demonstrates a synergistic contribution of certain phytochemicals to the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the banana peel extracts. The fingerprint profiling tools introduced in this study offer a reliable method for identifying metabolite biomarkers for the discrimination of banana cultivars.
